Many OHP are not automated. They are in the traditional method. Operator has to put transparencies on the fresnel lense or on the stage and give the demonstration about the transparencies. For that operator has to stay near the OHP and change the transparency sequentially.In this paper, the author uses mechatronic arrangement to convert the conventional overhead projector into the automized one."Mechatronics is integration of mechanics, electronics and intelligent computer controlling in the field of planning and starting production and processes, where all the three subjects continuously help and increase each other's effects.". This arrangement is done: for (1) moving of transparencies automatically ,(2) moving of mirror and lenses assembly by the stepper motor which is controlled by remote and (3) light intensity to increase or decrease it. The remote control consists of Transmitter and Receiver Circuit. Transmitter circuit consists of Keypad, DTMF Encoder FM-TX and .Receiver circuit consists of:FM-RX, DTMF Decoder Control circuit.
INTRODUCTION:
A senior engineer of a Japanese company first coined the word mechatronics; Yaskawa, in 1969, as a combination of "mecha" of mechanisms and "tronics" of electronics and the company was granted the trademark rights on the word in 1971. The word soon received broad acceptance in industry
Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacture of products and processes.
Mechatronics is the interdisciplinary fusion of Mechanics, Electronics and Information Technology, as shown in the Ven diagram.
REMOTE OPERATED OVERHEAD PROJECTOR:
This is a hardware based device, which can control the moving of the transparencies with hand held remote control, remote pad having a range of 10-15meters. The remote controller has a DTMF tone generator and FM transmitter, which sends the signal to the receiver. The receiver decodes this signal to decide the direction of the transfer of the transparencies on the OHP and that drives the motor. The receiver unit has FM receiver DTMF decoder, motor control circuit and driver circuit.
The traditional OHP can be converted into three stages for automation
Automation in transparencies for pushing and pulling by the remote.
Automation in movement of mirror of lenses assembly (upward and downward) by the remote.
Automation for increasing and decreasing of the light intensity by remote control.
AUTOMATION IN TRANSPARENCIES FOR PUSHING AND PULLING BY THE REMOTE.
This block diagram consists of following parts:
Transparency collection tray,
Pushing of the transparency by the stepper motor,
Overhead projector,(towards OHP)
Remote control.
OUTPUT TRANSPARANCY BLOCK DIAGRAM:
This block diagram consists of following parts:
Transparency collection tray,
Pulling of the transparency by the stepper motor,
Overhead projector,(from OHP)
Remote control.
This assembly requires two trays for the collection of transparencies before and after the use. Each tray consist of a stepper motor and roller shaft.as shown in the figure.
AUTOMATION IN MOVEMENT OF MIRROR OF LENSE ASSEMBLY(UPWARD AND DOWNWARD) BY THE REMOTE:
This block diagram consists of following parts:
Stepper motor
Mirror and lense assembly
Bevel gear
Lead screw.
AUTOMATION FOR INCREASING AND DECREASING OF THE LIGHT INTENSITY BY REMOTE CONTROL:
This block diagram consists of following parts:
Light intensity circuit
Remote
REMOTE CONTROL:
The range of the remote control is from 10-15 meters.
The remote control consists of different circuits:
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVER
Remote control receiver
Advanced approaches in mechatronics:-
Intelligent manufacturing is a recent development in mechatronics. This manufacturing has broader area of control for plant management; especially in the area of sensor-based manufacturing, which significantly influenced the approaches like, intelligent autonomous inspection system & intelligent decision making systems.
These performs task automatically without human intervention, by adapting to the changes in the environment.
In intelligent inspection system, real time control is introduced during the process of manufacturing to provide an increase in machining quality &productivity.
Intelligent supervisory control system: -
An intelligent supervisory system is methodology for implementing a number of process control sequences in an integral manner, as shown in fig.
The manufacturing processes depend on many layers of control sequences that are separated by different levels in their time scales.
In fig. The lowest level is servo control, in which motion of a cutting tool relative to a work piece, such as position or velocity is controlled. In process control level process variables such as cutting forces or tool wear are controlled. The supervisory level monitors product characteristic variables, such as part dimensions or surface roughness etc & makes adjustments by modifying commands sent to the process & servo levels. Finally at shop floor control & plant control all the information in the lower levels can be use to achieve on line optimization.
MODEL BASED MONITORING SYSTEM:-
In this system, by using intelligent sensors for improving manufacturing productivity and quality are obtained.
It represents the ideal behavior of the structure.
model based monitoring system
In fig, monitoring output indicates the status of monitoring process. The controller applies commands to the process such that various sensed values, related to machine and/or process performance, are maintained, or regulated, at desired values.
OPEN ARCHITECTURE MECHATRONIC CONTROL SYSTEMS:-
To enhance the flexibility between different systems these were developed:
MECHATRONICS SYSTEM WITH OPEN-ARCHITECTURE PLATFORM
The growth of mechatronics system for machine tool control will result in greater utilization of real time process process monitoring and control modules. This trend is also responsible for accelerating the use of intelligent sensors in mfg. development of intelligent sensor based mfg. systems will require a system perspective on mfg. problems. A system approach, which considers various solution alternatives for obtaining desired production performance, will likely employ mechatronic technology.
Examples of Mechatronics system for industrial use are found in many areas, like:
Mechatronical monitoring system applied to product such as aircraft, machine tool & an automobile, which monitors the parameters like, compliances & inertias, plant states such as current & velocity and production states such as force & wear
BENEFITS OF THE REMOTE OPERATED OHP:
The transparency can be changed automatically with less effort.
The operator can move from one place to another to give the demonstration.
The OHP can be very easily operated upto a distance of 10-15 meters.
The intensity of the light can be increased or decreased and switching on or off of the light can be done.
CONCLUSION:
Mechatronics involves the bringing together of a number. of technologies: mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer technology and control engineering. This can be considered as the application of computer based digital control techniques, through electronics & electrical interfaces to mechanical engineering problems.
It provides an opportunity to take a new look at problem, with mechanical engineers not just seeing a problem in terms of mechanical principles but having to see it in terms of a range of technologies. The electronics, etc. should not be seen as a bolt on item to existing mechanical hardware. A Mechatronics approach needs to be adopted right from the design phase. There needs to be a complete rethink of the requirements in terms of what an item is required to do.
With focus on these kinds of skills, Mechatronics is seen as a prime knowledge for mechanical engineers of the future. Classically trained mechanical engineers will carry the risk of being left out of the interesting work carried out by multidisciplinary product design team.
The above conference Report is not complete, few image are there which i haven't upload.
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